Scraper, also called wheel tractor scrapers, are commonly used to scrape and level surfaces. These heavy-duty earth moving machines can also haul earth and materials, such as dirt and gravel, more than just a short distance—they can move it from one job site to another.
How Do they Work?
They can be self-propelled or towed. In either case, it uses a scraping blade to cut into the earth and push the material into a bowl or a hopper.
Key Parts .
- Ejector: The ejector, at the rear of the bowl, uses hydraulics to expel loaded material.
- bowl: The bowl has a cutting edge that cuts the earth and then loads and carries it.
- Scraper: The scraping blade dislodges material from the ground as the heavy machinery moves forward.
- Apron: This vertical blade, adjacent to the scraping blade, closes when the bowl is full, so the load is ready to be transported to a new location.
The uses .
Scrapers are used to move or remove dirt, gravel or other material from the ground surface. Though they are specially designed for this purpose, they can also perform tasks such as:
- Excavation
- Leveling
- Loading
- Hauling
- Dumping
- Cutting to grade
Types of Scrapers
- Dual engine
These are the best for worksites on rough terrains. It includes a powerful engine in the front of the vehicle and in the trailer. They are also the best for wet soil and sand. - Single engine
These are the most common scrapers, with a bowl and “apron,” which keeps the material from flying out the top . The bowl also features hydraulic lifters that enable the bowl to be dumped and emptied at another location. - Elevating
These scrapers can remove, mix and homogenize soil, and complete fine finished work. These are best for clay, topsoil and sand. They’re fitted with conveyor belts which mix the material into the bowl, where it is stirred up. - Pull Type are unpowered trailers that must be attached to a tractor and pulled in order to load. Early such as the Fresno scrap fell into this category; they were typically pulled by horses. Because they lack a motor, pull scrap are best used for lighter terrain such as sand, soil, or soft materials.they come in two types. Carrier, which work better for wet and sticky material, use a hydraulic ejector or “push-off wall” to unload, while dump utilize a hydraulic cylinder to pivot or turn the bowl over so it can dump its contents. This process works well for loose, dry soil.
The Advantages and Disadvantages of using equipment’s and machinery at construction site
Advantages:
- Reduce the overall construction costs especially for large contracts.
- They help increasing the rate of output through work progress with the best effective and efficient methods.
- Tasks which are too heavy or too delicate for human muscles to do can be done easily by a machine or equipment.
- Carry out activities which cannot be done manually or to do them more economically and much faster.
- Maintain the planned rate of production where there is shortage of skilled or unskilled labor.
- Maintain high quality standards often required by present-day design and specifications.
- There can be mobility of labor i.e. in most industries machines used are similar. So labor can easily move from one industry to another.
- Equipment that’s still got some life in it always has a resell or trade value.
Disadvantages:
- Machinery has made the laborer’s work monotonous and irksome.
- Only skilled labors can run successful operations on machines.
- Buying brand new equipment can be very costly and affect
- Many machine’s are not considered for long term perspective , some are for short period.
- Training workers to work on the new equipment also adds to the cost, as company has to invest in both workers and machines.
- Taking care of storage, maintenance and transportation can also prove a challenge.
- Frequent updates can be turned out to be a never-ending and pretty costly process.
- Big factories pollute their surroundings and make them filthy and insanitary.
